Electrical signaling



No. 626,494.v Patented lune 6, |899. S". DE JGER.

ELECTRICAL SIGNALING.

(Application led May 26, 1898.)

. 3 Sheets-Sheet l.

(No Model.)

. INVENTOR amon deL/)nger WITNESSES Tus Nonms Pinzas co.. PHoYc-uwo.. wAsr-unurou. n. c.

(Application led May 26, 1898.)

3 Sheets-Shoe! 2` (No Model.)

INVENTOR "Sc'mon aai-39W WITNESSES ATTOR N EY ma Nonms Evans co. mormmo., wAsnmccroN. n. c4

' Patented June s, |899. s. DE JAGER.

ELECTRICAL SIGNALINE.

(Application led May 26, 1898.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 3 (No Model.)

.............+.U.....,..,.... 1.- m u m u m y. ATTORNEYS.

` Finca.

PATENT SIMON DE JAGER, OF PATERSON, NElv JERSEY.

` ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters SIGNALING.

Patent 116,626,494, dated .Tune 6, 1899.

Application filed May 26, 1898. Serial No. 681,758. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern.-

Beit known that l, SIMON DE JAGER, acitizen of the United States, residing in Paterson, county of Passaic, and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electrical Signaling; and l do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part, of this speciiication.

My present invention relates to improvements in systems ot transmitting electric signals; and its object is to provide a system in which the electric signals at a receiving-station respond to the pressing of the respective keys at the transmitting-station, which latter is connected with the receiving-station by two metallic wires or by one metallic wire and one earth connection at each station.

The invention consists in the improved system of transmitting electric signals, substantially as will be hereinafter more fully described, and finally embodied in the clauses of the claim.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, in which like letters and numerals of reference indicate correspon ding parts in each of the several views, Figure l is a diagrammatic view illustrating the direction and divisions of the currents at the receiving-station connected with the necessary means and contacts to com'- pel the required signal to respond; 'Fig'. 2, a vertical transverse section of a key arranged at the transmitting-station and also showing in a diagrammatic view its electric or wire connections; Fig. 3, an enlarged detail view of the top portion of Fig. 2, certain parts being shown in section, while others are broken away; Fig. 4, a sectional view on the line oo of Fig. 2; Fig. 5, a diagrammatic' view of the electromagnet of one of the signals at the receivingstation and of the contact-breaker connected therewith; Fig. (i, a diagrammatic viewillustrating the grouping and connecting of an increased number of signals at the receivingstation; Fig. 7, a diagrammatic view showing the connections between certain magnets and the shift-keys, and Fig. 8 is a diagrammatic view showing the connections between the mechanisms illustrated in Fig. l with the signals and their immediate wiring removed and in full the mechanism partially shown in Fig. 7, as hereinafter more fully described.

In said drawings, An Bn Cot and Ap Bp Cp represent different groups of magnets at the receiving-station, each group consisting of a series 0f stationary magnets e e2 c3 e4 and of a movable magnet fm m2. These groups of magnets work in the same manner as described in my United States Letters Patent No. 590,398, and it must be remarked that the movable or stationary magnets might all be electromagnets or that either the movable or the stationary magnets might be permanent ones.

For the purpose of simplifying the reading of the drawings the stationary magnets e e2 e3 e4 have been illustrated in Fig. l as permanent magnets, while the movable magnets m m2 are illustrated as eleotromagnets.

lf a current is sent through the movable electromagnet in Fig. l, this magnet will turn to the right or left, according to the direction ot' the current, making either m positive and m2 negative, or vice versa. It must be remarked that said electromagnet is supported on an arm X,which is fulcrumed in its center, as at 7o, and is controlled by a spiral spring 750, adapted to return said arm (and magnet) to its normal or rest position when the current is broken.

In the patent above referred to I have described the manner in which by predetermined number of impulses of one polarity sent from the transmitting-station a corresponding number of movable magnet-s at the receiving-station turn to one side and are kept in that position until the following impulse of the opposite polarity7 from the transmitting-station'turns tlie next magnet in the opposite direction, causing the required signal to respond. Accordingly, if there are a great number ofsignals at the receiving-station and a corresponding number of keys at the transmitting-station the number of groups of magnets at the receiving-station must be great and the number of impulses sent from the transmitting-station has to correspond. lf, for instance, there are thirty-six keys at the transmitting-station, thirty-six impulses IOO must be sent away by pressing thirty-sixth key.

By my present invention the number of impulses required, and accordingly the number of groups of magnets at the receiving-station, have been considerably reduced,whereby the great advantage is obtained that by pressing the key the duration of each separate impulse becomes much longer, as hereinafter stated. The arrangement of the groups of magnets at the receiving-station and the manner in which contacts are made is precisely the same as that in United States Letters Patent No. 590,398.

In Fig. 1, S S2 to S9 represent nine signals placed in three groups of three each,while Y is a source of electricity at the receiving-station, and c7 and c8 contacts attached to the connecting-arms of the movable magnets m m2 in the groups'Av?J Bln Cn and Ap Bp and Cp, respectively. One pole of the source of electricity Y is connected through the wire Z with the binding-post ZX, and in turn connected through the wires 2, 3, and ft with one side ot'V each of the contacts c7, while the other pole of the source of electricity Y is connected through a wire 5 with the binding-post SX, inV turn connected through wires 6, 7, and S with one side of each of the contacts o8. The other down the sides of the contacts c7 c7 c7 in the groups An,

Bn, and Cn are connected by wires 9, 10, and 11 with the horizontal groups of signals S' S2 S3, S4 S5 S6, lS7 S8 S9, respectively, while the other side of the contacts c8 c8 cS in the groups Ap, Bp, and Cp are connected by wires 12 13 14 with the vertical groups S7 S4 S', S8 S5 S2, S9 S6 S3, respectively.

From the above it can be seen that the horizontalk groups of signals are controlled by the contacts c7, While the vertical groups of signals are controlled by the contacts cs; but at the same time it must be remarked that the signals will only respond when a contact c7 and a contact a8 are closed at one and the same time. vIt will also be seen that the two groups of signals are respectively arranged in two sets of branch circuits which have'a ing signals will also respond.

common source of electrical energy at Y.

By the simultaneous closing of a cont-act c7 and a contact o8 the signal at the crossingpoint of the respective horizontal and vertical groups will receive the strongest impulse from the source of electricity Y, and if said source of electricity is strong enough to send a current through more than one electromagnet of the signals then one or more Yot' the remain- Should, however, said current be only strong enough to operate the electromagne't of one of the signals, then, of course, as above stated, the signal at the crossing-point of the horizontal and vertical groups will alone respond..A For instance, if the contact c7 in group An and the contacte8 in group Bp are closed simultaneously signal S2will respond. At this point I may remark that theresponseot the required signal can easily be made independent of the strength of the source of electricity.

' In Fig. G, s to S25 represent the electromagnets of twenty-tive signals at the receivingstation, and SO to 84 the wires connecting an equal number of contacts c7 (the same as in Fig. 1) with these magnets, while 90 to 94 represent the connection between the latter and an equal number of contacts, (like the contacts cs es in Fig. 1.)

It is apparent that if, for instance, the contact of wire SO and the contact of wire 92 are being closed the signal s3 will respond, but the current will at the same time pass through anumber of other electromagnets. In following the current closely it will be seen that s3 is the onlyv signal through which said current will go direct, while to reach one of the other signals it has not alone to pass through morethan one at the time, but also it mu'st pass through one of them in opposite direction before the current can reach the other contact.

In Fig. 5 of the drawings is represented by ff2 the electromagnet for the signal S of Fig. 1. The wires 9 and 12 are the same wires as in said Fig. 1; but the said wire 12 does not connect the electromagnet directly with contact cg. It is connected with an intermediately-arranged contact-breaker LX. This contact-breaker is attached to a small magnet m, pivoted at com. One pole of this magnet-say the positive one-is placed between the poles of the electromagn et j" fi, while the other pole carries the contact-breaker.

If, for instance, the current from wire 9 to 12 goes in such a direction that f becomes positive and f2 negative, the magnet m cannot move; but if the said current goes in the opposite direction the magnet m will move in the direction of the arrow, whereby the contact at LX is broken.

If such an arrangement as just described for signal S is attached to each signal, then only one signal will respond at the closing ot' one of each ofthe two contacts c7 and e8. The electromagnet of any of the other signals will only be reached by the current after it has passed through an electromagnet in opposite direction, causing then an interrupted current, which by proper arrangement of the coutact-breaker will never be strong enough to let any other signal respond, notwithstanding the strength of the source of electricity Y.

Reference-letters P and Q in Fig. 1 represent the binding-post at the receiving-station `with which the Wires from the transmittingstation are connected, while reference-letter E represents an ordinary electromagnet, and L a lever which can move on its axis and which is kept in normal position by a spiral spring. At one end of the lever is lixed a contact FX and at the other end a piece of sott iron, (an armature,) arranged above the magnet E. This contact might be of any suitable shape, so that it can Aclose and open the connection between F and G. This arrangement is iden- IOO IIO

tical with that described (with the same reference-letters) in Patent No. 590,398, and said patent also fully describes the arrangement and construction ofthe contacts in the groups of electromagnet-s An Bn Cn and Ap, Bp, and Cp. These contacts are made bylittle trolleys running on small rails which are iixed to a ring. I rlhe wires 15 and 1G connect P and Q with the wires of conta-ct o9. The current from P Q passes through contact o9 to the movable electromagnet nt m2, and accordingly the latter will turn to the right or left, depending upon the polarity of theimpulse from P and Q. It is immaterial whether the electromagnet m' m2 moves to the right ,or left, and in either case the contact ci will be opened or broken. WVhen the clectromagnet m' m2 moves to the left, the contact at c2 will be closed, and nnder the influence of the source of electricity II and the connection through the wires 17 and 18 the said electromagnet m m2 will be kept in the position. If, however, the said electromagnet moves to the right, the contact at c will be closed, and said electromagnet, through this contact, is kept in position.

If the impulse from P is negative, the elcci tromagnet m' mgin A'nwill turn to the right, the contact at c will be opened, and the contacts at c' and closed. lf a second impulse from P is also negative, the same result will be obtained in the electromagnet in Bn, for the reason that the current from P will now pass through the closed contact c3 of An to c of B72, and from there to the electromagnet on m2 of Bn. (The magnet in Bn will turn to the right.)

By every successive negative impulse from P the successive clectromagnet m m2 of the respective groups Ait Bn, Op will turn to the right and are kept in that position.

If, on the contrary, after one negative impulse from P, which has turned the electromagnet m' m2 of An to the right, a positive impulse follows, (the current reaching the electromagnet m m2 of Bn through the contacts c3 of An and cg of Bm) the electromagnet m m2 of Bnis turned to the left. By this movement contacts c7 of Bn will be closed, while contact c3 of Ba remains open. (Contact c of Bn, is a contact of the second horizontal group of signals.) lVhatever impulse from P will he the next, negative or positive, none of the following groups of magnets in Ap. Bn Cn can be reached, as the contacts c" and c3 of Bn are both opened; but the turning of the electromagnet in Bn to the left has closed also contact c1" in Bn, and by the closing of this contact any impulse from P can now reach the second group of magnets in Ap Bp Cp. The current from P will go through Wire 19, wire 20, contact cw in Bn, and wire 21 to connection-screw Pp and can reach from here the second group of magnets in Ap Bp Cp. In these groups the electromagnets m m2 can turn also to the right or left; but they will be kept in position only if they turn to the left. If, for instance, after the positive impulse from P, which turned m m2 in Bn'to the left, another positive impulse follows, m m2 in Ap Will also turn to the left. Contact c4 in Ap will be opened, but contact c5 will be closed, and by the influence of the source of electricity H through the wires 22 and 23 the elec- Atromaguet fm m2 in Ap will be kept in position. At the same time contact c6 in Ap Will be closed, giving the opportunity for the next following impulse from P to go to the electromagnet mmt2 in Bp. If this next following impulse is negative, the last-mentioned electromagnet will turn to the right. The only contact Which then will be closed is at o8 in Bp, this being the contact of the second vertical group of signals. Contact `c7 in Bn of the second group of horizontal signals being already closed, it follows, by what has been explained above, that the signal S5 at the cross-point of the second horizontal and second vertical group of signals will respond. At the same time that contact e8 is closed the contact 7a2 will be opened. These contacts 7.3' 7a2 k3 are arranged in the main Wire from the source of electricity Il. The current from ll goes through wire 24, contact 7c', wire 25, contact 7.52, wire 26, contact k3, and Wire 27 to connection-screw w. The other pole of II is connected by wire 28 to connection-screw i. From said connecting-screws w and n the wires run to the movable magnets m m2 to keep them in position after c osing of the necessary contacts. lt is evident that when one of the contacts t" 7a2 7a3 is opened the current from H stops and every magnet m m2 which was turned to the right or left will be returned to its rest position by means of its respective spiral spring 750. From this it follows that as many impulses of one polarity (say negative ones) are sent from the transmitting-station through P and Q a like number of magnets m 'm2 in An Bn Cn will be turned to the right and kept there in position. The next impulse of the opposite polarity (positive) will turn the next following magnet fm m2 in An Bn. Cn to the left and keep it there and at the same time close the contact of one group of signals, (say the horizontal ones). The following impulses of the same polarity (positive) turn an adequate number of magnets m m2 in Ap Bp Cp to the left and keep them in that position, while the next following impulse of the first polarity again (negative) will turn the nextfollowing magnet m' m2 in Ap Bp Cp to the right and close the contact of a cross-group of signals (say the vertical ones) and cause the required signal at the cross-point of both groups of signals to respond, while thereafter all the magnets turn back to their respective rest positions. Should, for instance, signal s, Fig. G, respond, two impulses of one polarity are required and three impulses of the opposite polarity followed by one impulse of the first polarity. impulses required for a signal in said Fig. 6 is for signal four impulses of one polarity, iive of the opposite polarity, and one of the IOO IIO

las`

The maximum number of first polarity, making in all ten impulses, while in the system covered by my Patent No. 590,398 twenty-four impulses of one polarity followed by one impulse of the oppo-i site polarity would be required' for the re-v The number of sponding of said signal 825. magnets necessary in the selecting device at the receiving-station is reduced in the same ratio.

At the transmitting-station are arranged al number 0f keys for the purpose of sending the required number of electrical impulses,v 1

and said numbertof keys) corresponds with the numberof signals at the receiving-station. i In Figs. '2, 3, and 4 is represented one of said keys. To the lower end of the hollow rod Rv Slidingly arranged in each hollow cross-piece are are iXed two hollow cross-pieces 196207.

two contact-blocks ct and b, connected with each other by a wire c. 4 Said blocks dy and b are also connected by rods M and M2' with al vertical rod R', arranged within the hollow; rod R and held in a raised position by a spiral l spring t, so that when the rod R' of the key is not depressed the blocks a and b do notf touch the walls of the framework N T. Said framework is made of insulating material'and`r consists of four walls, each having a metal` strap or rail r' r2 r3 r4. Two of these straps or rails r' and r4 are continuous, (r4 not being visible in Fig. 2 of the drawings,) while the other two, r2 and r3, are interrupted or sectional-that is to say, are partially of ymetal and partially of insulating material.

in the walls. Should these straps be in the shape of rai1s,the contact-blocks a and b might be substituted by wheels or trolleys. By a further depressingof said rod R' and hollow rod R the cross-pieces will reach at last theI bottom of the framework, and thus have passed the various contacts in the four metal straps or rails. As soon as the said' rod'R' is released the blocks ct and b disengage the said rails or straps, and by the action of the spiral 1 spring I the key is returned to itsl normal position. During the return movement of the key no contacts are made.

In Fig. 2, U represents a source of electricity at'the transmitting-station connected by'wires 42, 43, 44, and 45 with the metal straps or rails 'r2 and r3 in such a manner thatv some of the metal parts of these interrupted rails are connected with the positive pole of U and others The t'wo continuous v rails r and r4 are respectively connected by with the negative one.

wires 40 and 41 with the connection-screws W and V. These screws are connected by wires with'the connecting-screws P and Q at the receiving-station. In said Fig. 2| the negative pole of U is connected by wire 42 with the first two metal parts of rail r2 and the positive pole, through wire 45, with the first two metal parts of rrail r3. The irst two iml tive.

If the rod R of the key is pressed down, (togethert withthe hollow rod R,) the contact-blocks ct' and b in p and similar ones in the other crossf piece p7 will press against the metal straps' Fig. l.

lattached to the magnets of As Bs Cs. evident that through the wires shown in Fig. j7 signal Slt will respond on closing contact pulses from U to and W will `render V posi- :tive and W negative.

The next four parts of rail r2 are connected with the positive pole by wire 44 of U and those of r3 with the negative pole by wire 43.

The next fourimpulses accordingly render V negative and W posi- The last metal part of rail 12'is again connected by a branch of wire 42 with the negative and that of r3 by a branch of wire 45 with the positive pole, so that this last impulse renders V positive and W negative.

`From the above it can be seen that by depressing the key to its lowermost position two impulses of one polarity, then four impulses `'of the opposite polarity, followed by one im-V pulse of the first polarity, are sent from t-he transmitting to the receiving station.

vAll the keys at the transmitting-station are of similar construction, except that each one contains a different number of contacts for the two' kinds of polarities.

` My present system for transmitting electrical signals, besides for other purposes, is

extremely well adapted for transmitting type- 'written messages by telegraphy.

If each of the signals S or s controls in some mechanical manner a key of the type-writing machine and a corresponding number of keys is arranged at the transmitting-station, each pressing of a key at the said transmitting-station will be answered by the corresponding 'key of the type-writing machine at the receiving-station.

Some type-writing machines are provided y with shiftkeys,which in some way or another control the other keys, and in such a case and lin any other case where shift-keys are used 'an' additional arrangement to those heretofore `described is added and is illustrated in Fig.

012 in As, while S7142 will respond on closing contact cl2 in BS, and S703 on closing c12 in Cs.

4 These groups of magnets are arranged in front of the groups Vof magnets An Btl/Cn. The

'lower parts of the groups As Bs Cs are exactly the same as thelower parts of An Bn Cn in Fig. 1 and also the connection of these parts by wires to P an'd Q and to V and W. The connection by wires of the groups As Bs Cs to the groups An Bn Cn will be exactly the same as the connection between the groupsl An, Bn Cn and groups Ap Bp Op. Now it is evident that if positive impulses are sent from P to the groups As Bs Cs (negative impulses .are being transmitted to A0?, Bn On) the magnets in As Bs Cs will turn to the left and be kept in that position in a manner as above described in connection with the other groups.

It' a negative impulse comes from P, a inag- IOO IIO

net in As Bs Cs will turn to the right and' be kept in that position; but in this case a contact c12 will be closed, and one of the signals Slg; will respond. Therefore if the second signal is required to respond one positive impulse from P, followed by a negative one, must be sent. The further impulses are transferred to the groups An Bu Cn. The keys at the transmitting station under these circumstances remain of the same construction, with the exception that one or more metallic sections or contacts are added to the straps or rails r2 and rsfor the necessary additional polarities.

Supposing there is at the receiving-station atype-writing machine (or some other mechanical contrivance) provided with twentyfive keys controlled by two shift-keys, if it is desired to respond the fourteenth key (corresponding to s in Fig. 6) under theiniiuence ot' the second shift-key one impulse of one polarity, (positive) three impulses of the opposite polarity, (negativa) four of the rst polarity, (positive) followed by one impulse of the second polarity (negative) all together nine impulses--miist be sent from the transmitting-station.

Then in the claims I use the term succeedin g in connection with the transmission of impulses, I wish it to be understood that I use this term in its mostcomprehensive sense and not as meaning necessarily that a certain impulse follows a certain other impulse directly or immediately.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The combination of two sets of devices adapted to coactively operate, means f orsending electrical impulses of both polarities, and electrically-controlled means, distinct from each other and actuated by said impulses, for operating the respective devices, said means being adapted to effect a coaction of their respective devices when one is actuated by an impulse opposite in polarity to, and succeeding, the last actuating impulse of the other, substantially as described.

2. In an electrical apparatus, the combination of an electric circuit open at two points therein, means for sending electrical impulses of both polarities and electrically-controlled means, distinct from each other and actuated by said impulses, for closing the respective openings, said 'means being adapted to effect a coincident or contemporaneous closure of their respective circuit-openings when one is actuated by an impulse opposite in polarity to, and succeeding, the last actuating impulse of the other, substantially as described.

3. In an electrical apparatus, the combination of au electric circuit open at two points therein, means forsending electrical impulses of both polarities, and two sets of electricallycontrolled devices, distinct from each other, for closing the respective openings, said devices being adapted to be actu ated by the impulses and said circuit-openings being adapted to be coincidentally or contemporaneously closed when a device of one set is actuated by an impulse opposite in polarity to, and succeeding, the actuating impulse of the last-actuated device in the other set, substantially as described.

4.. The combination of a trans mitting device comprising means for sending a predetermined number of impulses of different polarities, a circuit having a source of electricity, contacts in said circuit, two coacting series of groups of magnets operatively connected with said transmitting device and controlling said contacts, and devices in said circuit controlled by said contacts, coaction between magnets of the two series being adapted to be eected when a magnet in one series is actu- 4ated by an impulse opposite in polarity to,

and succeeding, the actuatingimpulse of the last-actuated magnet in the other series, substantially as described.

5. The combination ofa transmitting device comprising means for sending a predetermined number of impulses of different polarities, a circuit having a source of electrical energy, contacts in said circuit, two coacting series of groups of magnets operatively connected with said transmitting device, some of said magnets controllingsaid contacts and being adapted to coactively operate, when a magnet of one series is actuated by an impulse opposite in polarity to, and succeeding, the actuating impulse of the last-actuated magnet in the other series, other contacts, and aseparatecircuit including said contacts and a suitable source of electrical energy, said last-named contacts being controlled by the remaining magnets, substantially as described.

6. The combination of a transmitting device comprising means for sending an impulse or impulses of one polarity alternately with au impulse or impulses of the opposite polarity, a main line, a source of electricity, two series of groups of magnets, each group having two stationary magnets and one movable one, contacts in the main-line circuit, a separate circuit in the two series of groups of magnets, contacts in said separate circuit, a receiving device comprising a series of electromagnets arranged in horizontal and vertical groups respectively, contacts in each series of groups of magnets controlling the respective electromagnets in the horizontal and vertical groups, all contacts being controlled by the movable magnets, substantially as and for the purposes described.

7 The combination of a transmitting device comprising means for sending an impulse or impulses of one polarity alternately with an impulse or impulses of the opposite polarity, a main line, a source of electricity, two series of groups of magnets, each group having two stationary magnets and one movable one, contacts in the main-line circuit, a separate circuit in the two series of groups of magnets,

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contacts in said separate circuit, a 'receiving device comprising a series of electromagnets arranged in horizontal and vertical groups respectively, a circuit for said receiving device, contacts in each series of groups ot' magnets and inthe last-mentioned circuit and controlling the respective electromagnets inthe horizontal andV vertical groups, all contacts controlled by the movable magnets, substantially as and for the purposes described.

8. The combination of a transmitting device comprising means for sending an impulse or impulses of one polarity alternately'with an impulse or impulses of the opposite polarity, aA main line, a source of electricity, two series of groups of magnets, each group having two stationary magnets and one movable one, contacts in the main-line circuit, a separate circuit in the two series of groups of magnets, contacts in said separate circuit, a receiving device comprising a series of electro-y y magnets arranged in horizontal and vertical groups respectively, a circuit/for said receiving device, contacts in each series of groups of magnets,the contacts of one series of groups ot' magnets being connected with one pole of the source of electricity of the receiving-'device circuit and with the electromagnets in the horizontal group, and the contacts of the otherseries of groups of magnets being connectedvwith the electromagnets in the vertical group and with the other pole of the source ofelectricity of said receiving-device circuit respectively, all contacts. controlled by thel movable magnets, substantially as and for the.Y purposes described.

9. The combination ofatransmitting device comprising means for sending an impulse or impulses of one polarity alternately with an impulse or impulses of the opposite polarity,

v a-main line, a source of electricity, two series ot' groups of magnets, each group having two stationary magnets and one movable one, contacts in the main-line circuit, a separate circuit in the two series of groups of magnets, contacts in said separate circuit, a receiving device comprising a series of electromagnets arranged in .horizontal and vertical groups respectively, contacts in each series of groups of' magnets controlling the respective electromagnets in the horizontal and vertical groups, and a contact-breaker for each of the electro-l magnets in the receiving device,substantially Aas and for the purposes described.

l0. The combination of a transmitting device` comprising means for sending an impulse or impulses of one polarity alternately with an impulse or impulses of the opposite polarity, a main line, a source of electricity, twoseries of groups of magnets, contacts controlled by their respective series, a receiving device comprising a series of electromagnets arranged 4in horizontal and vertical groups respectively and controlled by contacts of both series of magnets, and a contact-breaker for each of the electromagnetsin the receiving device, substantially as and for the purposes described.

l1. The combination of a transmitting device comprising means for sending an impulse or impulses of one polarity alternately with an impulse or impulses of the opposite polarity, a lnain line, a source of electricity, two series ofv groups of magnets, each group having two stationary magnets and one movable one, contacts controlled by their respective series, a receiving device comprising a series of electromagnets arranged in horizontal and vertical groups respectively and controlled by contacts of both series of groups of magnets, and a contact-breaker for each of the electromagnets in the receiving device, substantially as and for the purposes described.

l2. The combination of a transmitting device comprising means for sending an impulse orimpulses of one polarity alternately with an impulse or impulses of the opposite polarity, a main line, a source of electricity,

two series of groups of magnets, each groupA having two stationary magnets and one movable one, contacts in the main-line circuit, a separate circuit in the two series ot groups of magnets, )contacts in said separate circuit, a

receiving device comprising a series of eleci tromagnets arranged in horizontal and vertical groups respectively, a circuit for said re- Eceiving device, contacts in each series of groups of magnets and in the last-mentioned 'circuit and controlling the respective electromagnets in the horizontal and vertical groups,

'all contacts controlled by the movable magnets, and a contact-breaker for each of the electromagnets in the receiving device, substantially as and for the purposes described.

13. The combination of a transmitting device comprising means for sending an impulse or impulses of one polarity alternately with an impulse or impulses of the opposite polarity, a main line, a source of electricity, two series of groups of magnets, each group having two stationary magnets and one movable one, contacts in the main-linecircuit, a separate circuit in the two series of groups of magnets, contacts in said separate circuit, a

receiving device comprising a series of elec,-

tromagnets arranged in horizontal and vertical groups respectively, a circuit for said receiving device, contacts in each series of groups of magnets, the contacts of one series of groups of magnets being connected with one pole of the source of electricity of the receiving-device circuit and with the electro- `magnets in the horizontal group, and the con- Etacts of the other series of groups of magnets being connected with the electromagnets in the vertical group and with the other pole of the source of electricity ofsaid receiving device respectively, all contacts controlled by the movable magnets, and a contact-breaker for each of the electromagnets in the receiving device, substantially as and forthe pure poses described.

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14. In a system of transmitting electric signals having a source of electricity, a main line, two or more series of groups of magnets, contacts controlled thereby, a receiving device controlled by the contacts, a transmitting device com prising two or more keys, each key controlling a certain number of magnets and being adapted to send impulses of both polarities, and two coacting sets of circuitelosers actuated by said magnets, coaction between magnets of the two sets being adapted to be effected when a magnet in one set is act-uated by an impulse opposite in polarity to, and succeeding, the actuating impulse of the last actuated magnet in the other series, substantiall y as described.

I5. In a system of the character described, a transmitting-key comprising a framework, a series of continuous metallic rails on said framework, a series of interrupted or sectional metallic rails also on said framework and diagrammatically opposite the said continuous rails and adapted to cooperate with the same, a hollow rod, hollow cross-pieces carried by said rod, contact-blocks slidingly arranged in the respective cross-pieces, a spiral spring controlling said crosspieccs and hollow rod, and a spring-controlled rod within the hollow rod and controlling the slidingly-arranged contact-blocks, all said parts, substantially as and for the purposes described.

1G. In an electrical apparatus, the combination of two sets of devices adapted to coactively operate, means for sending electrical impulses of both polarities, two sets of electrically controlled magnets, distinct from each other and actuated by said impulses, for operating the respective devices, said magnets being adapted to effect a coacton of their I respective devices when one is actuated by an impulse opposite in polarity to, and succeeding, the last actuating impulse of the other, another magnet or set of magnets electrically connected to, and disposed between, the impulsesending means and the one of the rst named set of magnets adjaeently connected to the latter, and a device or set of devices controlled by said last-named magnet or set of magnets, substantially as described.

17. In an electrical apparatus adapted to control a type-writer or other similar printing-machine having shift-keys, the combination of two sets of devices adapted to coactively operate, means for sending electrical impulses of both polarities, two sets of electrically controlled magnets, distinct from each other and actuated by said impulses for operating the respective devices, said magnets being adapted to effect a coaction of their respective devices when one is actuated by an' impulse opposite in polarity to, and succeeding, the last actuating impulse of the other, another set of magnets electrically connected to, and disposed between, the impulse-sending means andthe one of the first-named set of magnets adjacently connected to the latter, and a set of shift-keycontrolling devices controlled by said last-named set of magnets, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this 14th day of May, 1898. i

SIMON DE JAGER. Vitnesses:

ALFRED GARTNER, LOUISE SNYDER. 

